Cambridge 2 Test 1 Passage 2 Changing Our Understanding of Health Reading Answers

We have provided changing our understanding of health reading answers in the table below. Examine and evaluate your answers. 

Solution For: changing our understanding of health

1. viii	8. social, economic, environmental
2. ii	9. (the) 1970s
3. iv	10. NOT GIVEN
4. ix	11. YES
5. vii	12. NO
6. 1946	13. YES
7. (the) wealthy (members) (of) (society)	14. NOT GIVEN

The IELTS reading test is given with a long text, the content of the text derived from various sources, like newspapers, textbooks, magazines etc. The given time duration for the test to complete is only an hour. Here this article is given about the topic of changing our understanding of health, followed by a practice test section which may help you to clear your IELTS reading test.

This IELTS reading test article is given along with the key answers for the topic changing our understanding of health passage. This article is gathered with 3 IELTS reading question types with 14 questions. Evaluate your answer by examining against your answers.

Check out our YouTube Channel to Practice Full-Length IELTS Reading Tests Daily

IELTS Reading Passage: Changing our understanding of health

Here you can find the passage for our practice test, read it completely and highlight the important points and keywords to write the changing our understanding of health reading answers.

Changing our Understanding of Health

A. The concept of health holds different meanings for different people and groups. These meanings of health have also changed overtime. This change is no more evident than in Western society today, when notions of health and health promotion are being challenged and expanded in new ways.

B. For much of recent Western history, health has been viewed in the physical sense only. That is, good health has been connected to the smooth mechanical operation of the body, while ill health has been attributed to a breakdown in this machine. Health in this sense has been defined as the absence of disease or illness and is seen in medical terms. According to this view, creating health for people means providing medical care to treat or prevent disease and illness. During this period, there was an emphasis on providing clean water, improved sanitation and housing.

C. In the late 1940s the World Health Organisation challenged this physically and medically oriented view of health. They stated that 'health is a complete state of physical, mental and social well-being and is not merely the absence of disease' (WHO, 1946). Health and the person were seen more holistically (mind/body/spirit) and not just in physical terms. 

D. The 1970s was a time of focusing on the prevention of disease and illness by emphasising the importance of the lifestyle and behaviour of the individual. Specific behaviours which were seen to increase risk of disease, such as smoking, lack of fitness and unhealthy eating habits, were targeted. Creating health meant providing not only medical health care, but health promotion programs and policies which would help people maintain healthy behaviours and lifestyles. While this individualistic healthy lifestyles approach to health worked for some (the wealthy members of society), people experiencing poverty, unemployment, underemployment or little control over the conditions of their daily lives benefited little from this approach. This was largely because both the healthy lifestyles approach and the medical approach to health largely ignored the social and environmental conditions affecting the health of people.

E. During 1980s and 1990s there has been a growing swing away from seeing lifestyle risks as the root cause of poor health. While lifestyle factors still remain important, health is being viewed also in terms of the social, economic and environmental contexts in which people live. This broad approach to health is called the socio-ecological view of health. The broad socio-ecological view of health was endorsed at the first International Conference of Health Promotion held in 1986, Ottawa, Canada, where people from 38 countries agreed and declared that:

The fundamental conditions and resources for health are peace, shelter, education, food, a viable income, a stable eco-system, sustainable resources, social justice and equity. Improvement in health requires a secure foundation in these basic requirements. (WHO, 1986)

It is clear from this statement that the creation of health is about much more than encouraging healthy individual behaviours and lifestyles and providing appropriate medical care. Therefore, the creation of health must include addressing issues such as poverty, pollution, urbanisation, natural resource depletion, social alienation and poor working conditions. The social, economic and environmental contexts which contribute to the creation of health do not operate separately or independently of each other. Rather, they are interacting and interdependent, and it is the complex interrelationships between them which determine the conditions that promote health. A broad socio-ecological view of health suggests that the promotion of health must include a strong social, economic and environmental focus.

F. At the Ottawa Conference in 1986, a charter was developed which outlined new directions for health promotion based on the socio-ecological view of health. This charter, known as the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion, remains as the backbone of health action today. In exploring the scope of health promotion it states that:

Good health is a major resource for social, economic and personal development and an important dimension of quality of life. Political, economic, social, cultural, environmental, behavioural and biological factors can all favour health or be harmful to it. (WHO, 1986)

The Ottawa Charter brings practical meaning and action to this broad notion of health promotion. It presents fundamental strategies and approaches in achieving health for all. The overall philosophy of health promotion which guides these fundamental strategies and approaches is one of 'enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health' (WHO, 1986).

IELTS Reading Questions: Changing our Understanding of Health

Questions 1-5

• The reading passage has six paragraphs A-F from the list of headings below
• Choose the most suitable headings for paragraphs B-F from the list of headings below.
• Write the appropriate numbers (i-ix) in boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet.
• NB There are more headings than paragraphs, so you will not use them all.

 List of Headings

1. Ottawa International Conference on Health Promotion.
2. Holistic approach to health.
3. The primary importance of environmental factors.
4. Healthy lifestyles approach to health.
5. Changes in concepts of health in Western society.
6. Prevention of diseases and illness.
7. Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion.
8. Definition of health in medical terms.
9. Socio-ecological view of health.

Example	Answer
Paragraph A	v

1. Paragraph B
2. Paragraph C
3. Paragraph D
4. Paragraph E
5. Paragraph F

Read the IELTS reading matching headings

Questions 6-9

• Using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage, answer the following questions
• Write your answers in boxes 6-9 on your answer sheet.

6. In which year did the World Health Organisation define health in terms of mental, physical and social well-being? 

7. Which members of society benefited most from the healthy lifestyles approach to health? 

8. Name the three broad areas which relate to people's health, according to the socio- ecological view of health. 

9. During which decade were lifestyle risks seen as the major contributors to poor health? 

Check out IELTS reading short answer questions

Questions 10-14

• Do the following statements agree with the information in the Reading Passage?
• In boxes 10-14 on your answer sheet write
• YES    if the statement agrees with the information
• NO    if the statement contradicts the information
• NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this in the passage

10. Doctors have been instrumental in improving living standards in Western society.

11. The approach to health during the 1970s included the introduction of health awareness programs.

12. The socio-ecological view of health recognises that lifestyle habits and the provision of adequate health care are critical factors governing health.

13. The principles of the Ottawa Charter are considered to be out of date in the 1990s.

14. In recent years a number of additional countries have subscribed to the Ottawa Charter.

Also check out the IELTS reading yes no not given

Changing our understanding of health Reading Answers with Explanations

 We have given changing our understanding health reading answers with explanations. Get to know the reasons for the answers. 

1. Answer: Viii

Explanation: Health in this sense has been defined as the absence of disease or illness and is seen in medical terms. The given answer is located in paragraph B in 3-4 lines.  

2.  Answer: ii

Explanation: Health is a complete state of physical, mental and social well-being and is not merely the absence of disease. The given answer is located in paragraph C in 2-3 lines.

3. Answer: iv

Explanation: Healthy lifestyles approach, the given answer is located in paragraph D at 6th line.

4. Answer: ix

Explanation: The given answer is located in paragraph E at 4th line as, The socio-ecological view of health.

5. Answer: vii

Explanation: Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion, the given answer is located in paragraph F at 2-3 lines.

6. Answer: 1946

Explanation:  1946, the given answer is located in paragraph C at 3rd line.

7. Answer: (the)  wealthy (members) (of) (society)

Explanation:The wealthy members of society, the  given answer is located in paragraph D at 6th line.

8. Answer: social, economic, and environmental

Explanation:social, economic and environmental. The given answer is located in paragraph E at 3rd line.

9. Answer: (the) 1970’s

Explanation: The given answer is located in paragraph D in the first line. 

10. Answer: Not given

11. Answer: Yes

Explanation: But health promotion programs and policies which would help people maintain healthy behaviours and lifestyles. The given answer is located in paragraph D at 4-5 lines. 

12. Answer: No

Explanation: The creation of health is about much more than encouraging healthy individual behaviours and lifestyles and providing appropriate medical care. The given answer is located in paragraph E at the 3rd stanza in 1-2 lines.

13. Answer: No

Explanation:  The given answer is located in paragraph F in 3rd line, as remains as the backbone of health action today, 

14. Answer: Not given

Other Reading Answers

• The awesome banana reading answers
• Saving language reading answers
• Coming into the world reading answers

Conclusion

   The above given post was about  “changing our understanding of health reading answers”, with explanations, we ensure it may help you to enhance your knowledge about reading tests. The given practice test for the topic, changing our understanding of health passage will help you to increase your answering skills.