Does water have memory Reading Answers

Does water have memory answers practice tests is provided with answers and explanations. This passage comprises 14 questions divided into two question types - complete the sentence and complete the table below reading passage, Does water have memory reading answers with explanation.

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Table of contents:

• Solution for Does water have memory
• Does water have memory IELTS Reading Practice Test
• Passage
• Questions
• Answers with Explanations

Solution for Does water have memory

Does water have memory  reading answers are listed in the table below. Verify your answers against our answer table, then correct any inaccuracies.

Answer Table

27. C	31. A	35. systematic design	39. placebo effect
28. E	32. J	36. monitor	40. unconscious
29. I	33. active	37. side effects
30. H	34. toxic	38. symptoms

Does water have memory IELTS Reading Practice Test - Exam Review

Does water have memory ielts reading answers are given here, which will help you excel in the IELTS reading practice test to challenge your reading skills.Paraphrasing can help you to understand the ideas clearly which makes you able to efficiently answer the questions.

Passage

We’ve provided the reading passage of Does water have memory. Read the passage and carefully complete the questions. Check the answers with our Does water have memory reading answers with locations.

Does water have memory

A. The practice of homoeopathy was first developed by the German physician Samuel Hahnemann. During research in the 1790s, Hahnemann began experimenting with quinine, an alkaloid derived from cinchona bark that was well known at the time to have a positive effect on fever. Hahnemann started dosing himself with quinine while in a state of good health and reported in his journals that his extremities went cold, he experienced palpitations, “infinite anxiety”, a trembling and weakening of the limbs, reddening cheeks and thirst. “In short,” he concluded, “all the symptoms of relapsing fever presented themselves successively...” Hahnemann’s main observation was that things which create problems for healthy people cure those problems in sick people, and this became his first principle of homoeopathy: similia similibus (with help from the same). While diverging from the principle of apothecary practice at the time, which was contraria contrariis (with help from the opposite), the efficacy of similia similibus was reaffirmed by subsequent developments in the field of vaccinations. Hahnemann’s second principle was minimal dosing – treatments should be taken in the most diluted format which they remain effective. In case it negated any possible toxic effects of similia similibus.

B. In 1988, the French immunologist Jacques Benveniste took minimal dosing to new extremes when he published a paper in the prestigious scientific journal. Nature in which he suggested that very high dilutions of the antibody could affect human basophil granulocytes, the least common of the granulocytes that make up about 0.01% to 0.3% of white blood cells. The point of controversy, however, was that the water in Benveniste’s test had been so diluted that any molecular evidence of the antibodies no longer existed. Water molecules, the researcher concluded, had a biologically active component that a journalist later termed “water memory”. A number of efforts from scientists in Britain, France and the Netherlands to duplicate Benveniste’s research were unsuccessful, however, and to this day, no peer-reviewed study under broadly accepted conditions has been able to confirm the validity of “water memory”.

C. The third principle of homoeopathy is “the single remedy”. Exponents of this principle believe that it would be too difficult, if not impossible, to ascertain the potential effects of multiple homoeopathic remedies delivered simultaneously. If it did work, they suggest, one could not know quite why it worked, turning homoeopathy into an ambiguous guessing game. If it did not work, neither patient nor practitioner would know whether the ingredients were all ineffective, or whether they were only ineffective in combination with one another. Combination remedies are gaining in popularity, but classical homoeopaths who rely on the single remedy approach warn these are not more potent, nor do they provide more treatment options. The availability of combination remedies, these homoeopaths suggest, has been led by consumers wanting more options, not from homoeopathic research indicating their efficacy.

D. Homoeopathy is an extremely contentious form of medicine, with strong assertions coming from both critics and supporters of the practice. “Homoeopathy: There’s nothing in it” announces the tag line to 10:23, a major British anti-homoeopathy campaign. At 10:23 am on 30 January 2010, over 400 supporters of the 10:23 stood outside Boots pharmacies and swallowed an entire bottle of homoeopathic pills in an attempt to raise awareness about the fact that these remedies are made of sugar and water, with no active components. This, defenders of homoeopathy say, is entirely the point. Homoeopathic products do not rely on ingredients that become toxic at high doses, because the water retains the “memory” that allows the original treatment to function.

E. Critics also point out the fact that homoeopathic preparations have no systematic design to them, making it hard to monitor whether or not a particular treatment has been efficacious. Homoeopaths embrace this uncertainty. While results may be less certain, they argue, the non-toxic nature of homoeopathy means that practitioner and patient can experiment until they find something that works without concern for side effects. Traditional medicine, they argue, assaults the body with a cocktail of drugs that only tackles the symptoms of a disease, while homoeopathy has its sights aimed at the causes. Homoeopaths suggest this approach leads to kinder, gentler, more effective treatment.

F. Finally, critics allege that when homoeopathy has produced good results, these are exceedingly dependent on the placebo effect, and cannot justify the resources, time and expense that the homoeopathic tradition absorbs. The placebo effect is a term that describes beneficial outcomes from a treatment that can be attributed to the patient’s expectations concerning the treatment rather than from the treatment itself. Basically, the patient “thinks” himself into feeling better. Defenders suggest that homoeopathy can go beyond this psychological level. They point to the successful results of homoeopathy on patients who are unconscious at the time of treatment, as well as on animals.

Questions

Questions 27-32

Complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-K, below.
Write the correct letter, A-K, in blank spaces 27-32 on your answer sheet.

27 In the late 18th century, Hahnemann discovered that quinine was able to ………………….
28 The effectiveness of vaccinations also helps to ………………..
29 Benveniste argued in the journal Nature that water molecules possess the ability to …………………
30 Attempts to verify Benveniste’s findings were unable to ………………….
31 The purpose of the single remedy is to ………………..
32Classical homeopaths suggest combination remedies have been created to ……………………

1. avoid the unpredictable outcome of combining many remedies at once
2. explain the success of 18th-century apothecary, medicine.
3. produce fever-like symptoms in a healthy person.
4. keep antibody molecules active in parts as low as 0.01%.
5. support the notion of similia similibus.
6. offer more remedial choice.
7. produce a less effective dose.
8. recreate the original results.
9. retain qualities of an antibody to which they were previously exposed.
10. satisfy the demand for hovers.
11. treat effectively someone with a fever.

Questions 33-40

Complete the table below. 
Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the text for each answer.
Write your answers in blank spaces next to 33-40 on your answer sheet.

Arguments against homeopathy	Arguments for homeopathy
Has no 33…………………… ingredients	Does not become 34…………….. when taken in large quantities.
Lack of a 35……………….. makes success or	Remedies can be trialed with no risk of 37……………….. treatments
Failure of treatments difficult to 36………………	tackle causes and not just 38…………………
Too much reliance on the 39………………….	Proven to work on people who are 40………………… Works psychologically but not physically

Answers for Does water have memory With Explanations

Does water have memory reading answers with explanations is given below. Refer to the following answers with an explanation section to correct your errors.

(Note: The text in italics mentions the location and referring lines written in the reading passage.)

27.Answer : C

Explanation: located in the 2nd line of paragraph A. "During research in the 1790s, Hahnemann began experimenting with quinine, an alkaloid derived from cinchona bark that was well known at the time to have a positive effect on fever," according to paragraph A. While in good health, Hahnemann began dosing himself with quinine and recorded in his journals that his extremities became cold, he suffered palpitations, "infinite anxiety," shaking and weakening of the limbs, reddening face, and thirst. As a result of Hahnemann's experiment, when a healthy person takes quinine, they experience symptoms such as fever, increased heartbeat, anxiety, and weakness, among other things.

28.Answer: E

Explanation: located in the 5th line of paragraph A. Take note of the paraphrasing here. According to the passage, "while diverging from the principle of apothecary practice at the time, which was contraria contrariis (with help from the opposite), the efficacy of similia similibus was reaffirmed by subsequent developments in the field of vaccinations." As a result, we can conclude that vaccination aided in therapy by employing the same material that created the problem in the ill persons, which is also based on the similia similibus principle. Vaccination thus supported the premise of similia similibus.

29.Answer: I

Explanation: located in the 2nd line of paragraph B.This is a paraphrasing of the complete sentence. In the section, it claims that "nature in which he suggested that very high dilutions of the antibody could affect human basophil granulocytes, the least common of the granulocytes that make up about 0.01% to 0.3% of white blood cells." As a result, we can conclude that Benveniste employed water in dilution and claimed that high dilution affected basophil granulocytes in white blood cells because water maintained antibody properties, providing water the unique ability to retain the earlier antibody to which it was exposed.

30.Answer: H

Explanation: located in the last line of paragraph B. If you read carefully, you'll notice that "a number of efforts from scientists in Britain, France, and the Netherlands to duplicate Benveniste's research was unsuccessful, however, and to this day, no peer-reviewed study under broadly accepted conditions has been able to confirm the validity of "water memory"." We can deduce from the information provided that multiple attempts have been made by scientists from various countries to validate Benveniste's study; however, the results generated do not match the original, raising concerns regarding the validity of Benveniste's conclusions.

31.Answer: A

Explanation: located in line 2 of paragraph C. In paragraph C, it states that "exponents of this principle believe that it would be too difficult, if not impossible, to ascertain the potential effects of multiple homoeopathic remedies delivered simultaneously." We can deduce that a single treatment is based on the premise that just one drug, diluted with water, is required to demonstrate efficacy to patients. The outcome of a combination of therapy is difficult to predict.

32.Answer: J

Explanation: Located in last line of paragraph C. A portion of the piece indicates that "the availability of combination remedies, these homeopaths suggest, has been led by consumers wanting more options, not from homeopathic research indicating their efficacy." As a result, classical homeopaths believe that combination medicines are becoming more popular because they meet the needs of customers who want more options, rather than because they are more effective.

33.Answer: Active

Explanation: located in the 3rd line of paragraph E.A line in the passage mentions that “at 10:23 am on 30 January 2010, over 400 supporters of the 10:23 stood outside Boots pharmacies and swallowed an entire bottle of homeopathic pills in an attempt to raise awareness about the fact that these remedies are made of sugar and water, with no active components.”

34.Answer: Toxic

Explanation: located in the last line of paragraph E.According to paragraph E, "homoeopathic products do not rely on ingredients that become toxic at high doses, because the water retains the "memory" that allows the original treatment to function." Because homeopathy does not rely on any substance that becomes toxic in big levels, we can conclude that it is not harmful when consumed in large doses (quantities).

35.Answer: systematic design

Explanation: located in first line of paragraph F. A sentence in that paragraph implies that "critics also point out the fact that homoeopathic preparations have no systematic design to them, making it hard to monitor whether or not a particular treatment has been efficacious." We might point out here that, according to some who oppose homeopathy, its preparations lack a systematic design.

36.Answer: Monitor

Explanation: located in first line of paragraph E. Critics also point out the fact that homoeopathic preparations have no systematic design to them, making it hard to monitor whether or not a particular treatment has been efficacious. Homoeopaths embrace this uncertainty.

37.Answer: side effects 

Explanation: located in the 3rd line of paragraph F. “while results may be less certain, they argue, the non-toxic nature of homoeopathy means that practitioner and patient can experiment until they find something that works without concern for side effects.” If practitioner and patient can experiment with homeopathy, it implies that it can be trialed with no risk (without concern) for side effects.

38.Answer: symptoms

Explanation: located in last lines of paragraph F. The answer is plainly stated in the aforementioned paragraph and line. In the sentence, it is stated that "traditional medicine, they argue, assaults the body with a cocktail of drugs that only tackles the symptoms of a disease, while homoeopathy has its sights aimed at the causes" This information verifies the claims of proponents of homeopathy that it can address disease causes.

39.Answer: placebo effect 

Explanation: located in first line paragraph F. Finally, critics allege that when homoeopathy has produced good results, these are exceedingly dependent on the placebo effect

40.Answer: unconscious
Explanation: located in last line of paragraph F. Refer to the following paragraph: "Defenders suggest that homoeopathy can go beyond this psychological level." They cite the efficacy of homoeopathy on patients who are unconscious during treatment, as well as on animals."  Those who support homeopathy argue that it has been shown to work on unconscious patients.

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