Sheet glass manufacture : The float process reading answers

Examine the given Sheet glass manufacture the float process reading answers, compare your answers to correct your mistakes.

Answer Table

1. spinning	8. rollers
2. (perfectly) unblemished	9. TRUE
3. labor/labor-intensive	10. NOT GIVEN
4. thickness	11. FALSE
5. marked	12. TRUE
6. (molten) glass	13. TRUE
7. (molten) tin/metal

Practice gives you good results, so do practice before entering into the main exams. Here we have given an altered version of the practice test for the topic sheet glass manufacture the float process reading answers. Utilize it to enhance your reading band score in the main exams.

The IELTS reading test is conducted to test the candidates’ various skills like reading, skimming, grasping, etc. There will be a long passage about a random topic along with a few questions. Candidates are asked to go through the passage given and should answer the questions. To help you score better in IELTS reading test, we have given the complete passage and questions of sheet glass manufacture the float process reading answers.

The provided reading passage has a total of 13 questions with three different IELTS reading questions types. They are table completion, diagram labelling and true false not given. Try to crack the given questions to evaluate yourself which helps you to improve your multiple required abilities. 

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IELTS Reading Passage : Sheet glass manufacture the float process

Below we have given the Sheet glass manufacture the float process passage for our practice test, go through the passage completely and answer the following questions.   

Sheet glass manufacture the float process

Glass, which has been assembled since the time of the Mesopotamians and Egyptians, is little more than a blend of sand, soda ash and lime. When heated to about 1500 degrees celsius (°C) this becomes a liquefied mass that freezes when slowly cooled. This first triumphant method for making clear, flat glass concerned with spinning. This method was very successful as the glass had not insane any surfaces between being soft and becoming tough, so it stayed excellently unblemished, with a ‘fire finish’. But, the process took a long period and was labor thorough. 
  
Nonetheless, there was a huge demand for the flat glass and glassmakers all over the world were looking for a process of  making it constantly. The first  uninterrupted ribbon making involved compressing liquefied glass through two hot rollers, alike to an old mangle. This permitted glass of effectively any width to be made ceaseless, however the rollers would leave both sides of the glass marked, and these would then need to be floor and shiny. This part of the making kneaded away around 20 percent of the glass, and the machines are very high-priced.

The float procedure for making flat glass was discovered by Alistair Pilkington. This procedure permit the produce of clear, tinted and covered glass for buildings, and clear and tinted glass for automobiles.pilkington had been testing with upgrading the melting process, and in 1952 he had the plan of using a bed of liquefied metal to form the flat glass, remove completely the need for rollers within the float bath. The metal had to melt at a less temperature than the solidify point of glass (about 600°C), but could not boil at a temperature below the temperature of the liquefied glass  (about 1500°C). The best metal for the work was tin.

The reminder concept depends on gravity, which swear that the surface of the liquified metal was excellently flat and horizontal.  As a result, when streaming liquified glass onto the liquefied tin, the bottom of the glass would also be excellent flat. If the glass were kept very warm enough, it would flow over the liquified tin till the uppermost was also flat, horizontal and excellently aligned to the bottom surface. Once the glass chilled to 604°C or less it was challenging to mark and could be conveyed out of the freezing zone by rollers. The glass resolved to a width of 6 millimeters because of exterior tension interplay between the glass and the tin. By coincidence, 60 percent of the flat glass market at the time was for 6 millimeter glass.

Pilkington made a pilot plant in 1953 and by 1955 he had persuaded his company to build a full-scale plant. But, it took fourteen months of ceaseless manufacture, costing the company £100,000 a month, prior to the plant built any usable glass. Moreover, once they triumph in making marketable flat glass, the  machine was opposed for a service to prepare it for years of continual manufacture. When it started up again it took one more 4 months to get the procedure right again. They eventually triumph in1959 and there are now floating plants across the world, with each able to make around 1000 tons  of glass every day, ceaseless for around 15 years.

Float plants today make glass of near optic standard. A few processes- melting, purifying, integration- take place at once in the 200 tonnes of liquified glass in the boiler. They happen in different zones in a compound glass flow driven by high weather. It adds up to a continual melting procedure, lasting as long as 50 hours, that delivers glass smoothly and continually to the float bath, and from there to a coating zone and eventually a heat treatment zone, where strain formed during freezing are glad. 

The principle of float glass has remained unchanged since the 1950s. But, the product has changed badly, from a single width of 6.8mm to a range from sub-millimeter to 25mm, from a ribbon oftenly marred by incorporation and illusion to almost optic flawlessness. To secure high-quality,surveys take place at every stage. Sometimes, an illusion is not removed during  purifying, a sand grain reject to melt, a trembling in the tin puts ripples into the glass ribbon. Robotic on-lline survey does two things. primarily , it divulges procedure faults that are ambitious that can be rectified. Survey automation permits more than 100 millions quantification a second to be made all over the ribbon, locating flaws the independently eye would be unable to see. Secondly, it enables computers to steer cutters around flaws.

Float glass is vended by the square meter, and at the  last stage computers translate consumer needs into motifs of cuts deliberately to reduce waste.

IELTS Reading Questions: Sheet glass manufacture the float process

Questions 1-8

• Complete the table and diagram below.
• Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.
• Write your answers in boxes 1-8 on your answer sheet.

Early methods of producing flat glass

Method	Advantages	Disadvantages
1	• Glass remained 2	• Slow • 3
Ribbon	• Could produce glass sheets of varying 4  • Non-stop process	• Glass was 5  • 20% of glass rubbed away • Machines were expensive

6 
7 
8 

Check out the IELTS reading table completion

Questions 9-13

• Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?
• In boxes 9-13 on your answer sheet, write
• TRUE    if the statement agrees with the information
• FALSE    if the statement contradicts the information
• NOT GIVEN    if there is no information on this

9       The metal used in the float process had to have specific properties.
10     Pilkington invested some of his own money in his float plant.
11     Pilkington’s first full-scale plant was an instant commercial success.
12     The process invented by Pilkington has now been improved.
13     Computers are better than humans at detecting faults in glass.

Check out the IELTS reading true false not given

Sheet glass manufacture : The float process Reading Answers with Explanation

We have given sheet glass manufacture the float process reading answers with explanations, check out to evaluate your answers.

1.spinning

Location: The given answer is located in paragraph A in the 4th line

2.(perfectly) unblemished

Location: The given answer is located in paragraph A in the 5th line.

3.labour/labor-intensive

Location: This answer is located in the last line of paragraph A.
A last line

4.thickness

Location: The given answer is located in paragraph B in the 4th line.

5.marked

Location: The given answer is located in paragraph B in the 5th line.

6.(molten) glass

Location: The given answer is located in paragraph Din the 2th line.

7.(molten) tin/metal

Location: This answer is located in the last line of paragraph C.

8.rollers

Location: The given answer is located in paragraph B in the 5th line.

 9.true

Explanation: The metal had to melt at a lower temperature than the solidify point of glass (about 600°C), but could not boil at a temperature below the temperature of the liquefied glass  (about 1500°C). The given answer is located in the last 3 lines of paragraph C.

10.not given

11.false

Explanation: it took fourteen months of ceaseless manufacture, costing the company £100,000 a month, prior to the plant built any usable glass . The give answer is located in paragraph E in the 2-3 lines

12.true

Explanation: the product has changed badly, from a single width of 6.8mm to a range from sub-millimeter to 25mm, from a ribbon oftenly marred by incorporation and illusion to almost optic flawlessness. The given answer is located in paragraph G in the 1-4 lines.

13.true

Explanation: Survey automation permits more than 100 millions quantification a second to be made all over the ribbon, locating flaws the independently eye would be unable to see. This answer is located in the last 3 lines of paragraph G 

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Conclusion

This blog ‘sheet glass manufacture the float process ’  possess one reading practice test to make you understand the test pattern and structure. Practice the given test and try more practice tests that will aid you to enhance your reading as well as overall band score.