The Development of Plastic Reading Answers

The Development of Plastic Reading Answers is provided in the table below for your reference.

1. Photographic film	5.   Fireproof	9.  Not given	13.  True
2. Bakelite	6.  Clear and glass-like	10.  False
3. Switches	7.   Rigid	11.  True
4. Britain/UK	8.  False	12.  False

The Development of Plastic Reading Answers is beneficial for IELTS students as it contains question types that will help you in acquiring the necessary skills to obtain a good band score. Read this passage with full focus to develop your reading and time management skills. The IELTS reading is one of the most difficult sections of the exam.

Read The development of plastic Debate passage and answer three IELTS reading question types provided for your understanding. It will improve your performance on the actual IELTS test. Attempt all the questions and verify The development of plastic Reading Answers with explanation.

• IELTS reading table completion 
• IELTS reading true false not given
• IELTS reading multiple choice questions

IELTS Reading Passage: The development of plastic

Read the given passage and answer all the questions (1-13). After finishing, verify your answers from the given The development of plastic reading answers with explanation.

The development of plastic

1. During the nineteenth century, Europe became the birthplace of industrial rubber products, and the material quickly rose to prominence thanks to its many practical applications. Natural rubber was once widely used, but over the twentieth century a variety of new synthetic materials called plastics replaced it. As a chemical consisting of giant molecules bonded together from many smaller, simpler components, rubber is a polymer. The chemical industry produces a wide variety of plastics using the same bonding principle—polymerization.
2. In the USA, a competition spurred the creation of the first plastic. In the 1860s, a reward of $10,000 was offered to anyone who could come up with a suitable substitute for ivory in billiard ball production. Ivory supplies were dwindling at the time. John Wesley Hyatt's celluloid substance was the winning entry. Celluloid was created by dissolving cellulose, a plant-based carbohydrate, in a camphor-and-ethanol solution. Knife grips, snap-off cuffs, eyeglasses, and even photographic film were some of the first goods to use this novel material. No motion picture company would have been able to launch towards the tail end of the 19th century if not for celluloid.
3. Celluloid is a thermoplastic because it can be repeatedly warmed to soften it and change its form. Leo Baekeland, a Belgian chemist working in the United States, created a new type of plastic in 1907 by triggering a reaction between phenol and formaldehyde. Bakelite was the first of the thermosets' plastics, which can be cast and molded while hot but cannot be softened by heat and molded once they have set; Baekeland gave the material this name. Bakelite was impervious to water, acids, and moderate heat, and it also served as a good insulator. Due to its useful features, it was quickly used in the production of electrical components for automobiles, as well as switches and other domestic things like knife handles.
4. The search for more tiny molecules that could be linked together to form polymers was soon undertaken by chemists. Thermoplastic polyethylene was first created in the 1930s by British chemists by polymerizing ethylene gas in a high-temperature, high-pressure environment. By the 1950s, polypropylene had emerged as a viable alternative.  Bottles, pipelines, and plastic bags were all manufactured using both. PVC (polyvinyl chloride) is a strong, flame-retardant plastic that was created by substituting a hydrogen atom in ethylene with a chlorine atom, making it ideal for use in pipe and gutter systems. In addition, PVC may be made soft by including different chemicals, making it an acceptable rubber replacement for applications such as watertight apparel. PTFE, or Teflon, was a material that was very similar (polytetrafluoroethylene). As a result of its low coefficient of friction, it was found to be useful in applications such as bearings, rollers, and non-stick cookware. Created in Germany in the 1930s, polystyrene was a transparent plastic widely used in the packaging of food, household goods, and toys. The white, stiff foam known as expanded polystyrene was commonly used for both packing and insulation. Germany is also responsible for the development of polyurethanes, which have since found widespread usage as adhesives, coatings, and, in the form of rigid foams, insulation. All of these items are made from chemicals extracted from crude oil, and as such, share the same chemical components (carbon and hydrogen) as many polymers.
5. Also in the 1930s, the first synthetic fiber, nylon, was developed. Wallace Carothers, an American scientist who later worked for the Du Pont Company, came up with the idea. He discovered that two chemicals, hexamethylenediamine, and adipic acid, could combine under certain conditions to make a polymer that could be pushed out of holes, stretched, and weaved like silk. Parachutes for the United States military during World War II were its first application. In the years following World War II, nylon gradually supplanted silk in the production of stockings. Other synthetic fibers followed suit, with Orion, Acrilan, and Terylene joining the nylon family. Most clothing today is constructed from a combination of natural fibers like cotton and wool and man-made fibers that are more durable and require less maintenance.
6. Plastic's invincibility is its greatest strength. This feature has many drawbacks, though, as evidenced by the fact that even the most distant islands have beaches filled with plastic bottles that cannot be recycled or broken down. Not only are there many distinct kinds of plastic, but they're typically all used in the same products, making recycling a complex process. To make plastics biodegradable, they can be reinforced with a substance like starch, which is then broken down by microbes. Bottles built from these materials must be kept in the dark so that they don't decompose before they're used, but they can be made to contain other materials that slowly decompose in sunlight.

The development of plastic IELTS Reading Questions

Questions 1-7

Complete the table below.

Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passages for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.

Name of plastic	Date of invention	Original region	Property	Common
Celluloid	1860s	US		Clothing and 1.  __________
2. ____________	1907	US	This material can be molded and cast, but it cannot be melted.	3. _____________ household items and car part
Polythene	1930	4. __________		Bottles
Rigid PVC			5. __________	Drains and Gutters
Polystyrene	1930s	Germany	6. Transparent and resembling ___________	Food Containers domestic
Polyurethanes		Germany	7. Formation like ____________	Adhesives, coatings, and insulation

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Questions 8-11

Do the following statements agree with the information in Reading Passage?
In boxes 8-11 on your answer sheet write

TRUE               if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE             if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN     if there is no information about the statement

8. Both celluloid and Bakelite are equally affected by heat.

9. When multiple types of plastic are combined, recycling can become more of a challenge.

10. Plastic and rubber have vastly dissimilar chemical structures.

11. The renowned chemist John Wesley.

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Questions 12-13

Choose the correct letter, a, b, c, or d.

Write your answers in boxes 12-13 on your answer sheet.

12. Which substance can be added to plastic to make it biodegradable?

1. Formaldehyde
2. Bakelite
3. Starch
4. Teflon

13. In the 1930s, British chemists polymerized which gas to develop the first thermoplastic polyethylene?

1. Methane
2. Ethylene
3. Carbon
4. Hydrogen

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The development of plastic Reading Answers with Explanation

The development of plastic reading answers with explanation for the above questions are given below with their location and detailed clarification.

(Note: The text in Bold mentions the location and answer given in the passage itself. The lines in italics show the referring lines written in the reading passages.

1. Photographic film

Explanation: 6th and 7th lines of paragraph C explain that Knife grips, snap-off cuffs, eyeglasses, and even photographic film were some of the first goods to use this novel material. No motion picture company would have been able to launch towards the tail end of the 19th century if not for celluloid.

2. Bakelite

Explanation: 3rd and 4th lines of paragraph D state that Bakelite was the first of the thermosets' plastics, which can be cast and molded while hot but cannot be softened by heat and molded once they have set; Baekeland gave the material this name. Bakelite was impervious to water, acids, and moderate heat, and it also served as a good insulator.

3. Switches

Explanation: 4th and 5th lines of paragraph D describe that Bakelite was impervious to water, acids, and moderate heat, and it also served as a good insulator. Due to its useful features, it was quickly used in the production of electrical components for automobiles, as well as switches and other domestic things like knife handles.

4. Britain/UK

Explanation: 2nd, 3rd, and 4th lines of paragraph E depict that Thermoplastic polyethylene was first created in the 1930s by British chemists by polymerizing ethylene gas in a high-temperature, high-pressure environment. By the 1950s, polypropylene had emerged as a viable alternative. Bottles, pipelines, and plastic bags were all manufactured using both. 

5. Flame-retardant

Explanation: 5th line of paragraph E narrate that PVC (polyvinyl chloride) is a strong, flame-retardant plastic that was created by substituting a hydrogen atom in ethylene with a chlorine atom, making it ideal for use in pipe and gutter systems.

6. Transparent 

Explanation: 9th line of paragraph E conveys that Created in Germany in the 1930s, polystyrene was a transparent plastic widely used in the packaging of food, household goods, and toys.

7. Rigid 

Explanation: 11th line of paragraph E proves that Germany is also responsible for the development of polyurethanes, which have since found widespread usage as adhesives, coatings, and, in the form of rigid foams, and insulation.

8. False (h6)

Explanation: 1st, 3rd, and 4th line of paragraph D portrays that Celluloid is a thermoplastic because it can be repeatedly warmed to soften it and change its form. Bakelite was the first of the thermosets' plastics, which can be cast and molded while hot but cannot be softened by heat and molded once they have set; Baekeland gave the material this name. Bakelite was impervious to water, acids, and moderate heat, and it also served as a good insulator.

9. True 

Explanation: 3rd line of paragraph G says that Not only are there many distinct kinds of plastic, but they're typically all used in the same products, making recycling a complex process.

10 False 

Explanation: The whole paragraph B tells that As a chemical consisting of giant molecules bonded together from many smaller, simpler components, rubber is a polymer. The chemical industry produces a wide variety of plastics using the same bonding principle—polymerization.

11. Not given 

Explanation: The following line is not included in the passage and there is no information available about it.

12. c

Explanation: 4th line of paragraph G proves that To make plastics biodegradable, they can be reinforced with a substance like starch, which is then broken down by microbes. 

13. b 

Explanation: 2nd line of paragraph E describes that Thermoplastic polyethylene was first created in the 1930s by British chemists by polymerizing ethylene gas in a high-temperature, high-pressure environment.

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Conclusion

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