Air conditioning the earth Reading Answers

Here we have given “Air Conditioning the earth” reading answers with explanations. This given passage has 13 questions in 3 different forms namely- 4 questions as diagram labelling, 4 questions as summary completion, 4 questions as multiple choice and 1 question as short answer question.

Check out our YouTube Channel to Practice Full-Length IELTS Reading Tests Daily

 

Table of content:

• Solution for Air conditioning the earth
• Air conditioning the earth IELTS reading practice test
• Passage
• Questions
• Answers with explanation

Solution for Air conditioning the earth

Below, we have given the answers for Air conditioning the earth reading answers in the table form.

Answer Table

1. 10,000 kilometers	4. Equatorial Regions	7. At sea	10. C	13. Polar font
2. 10 kilometers	5. Polar regions	8. B	11. B
3. Convection cells	6. Latitude	9. A	12. A

Air conditioning the earth IELTS reading practice test - Exam Review

In this article we have provided Air conditioning the earth IELTS reading answers. This article will help to be distinguished in the IELTS reading practice to  challenge your reading skill and read the given passage to answer the questions. 

Passage

We have given Air conditioning the earth reading answers with location. Go through the given passage carefully and answer the questions.

Air conditioning the earth reading answers

1. The circulation of air in the atmosphere is activated by convection, the transference of heat resulting from the fact that warm gases or fluids rise while cold gases or fluids sink. For example, if one wall of a room is heated whilst the opposite wall is cooled, air will rise against the warm wall and flow across the ceiling to the cold wall before descending to flow back across the floor to the warm wall again. The real atmosphere, however, is like a very long room with a very low ceiling.

2. The distance from equator to pole is 10,000 km, while the 'ceiling height' to the beginning of the stratosphere is only about 10 km. The air therefore splits up into a number of smaller loops or convection cells. Between the equator and each pole there are three such cells and within these the circulation is mainly north-south.

Large-scale air-conditioning

3. The result of this circulation is a flow of heat energy towards the poles and a leveling out of the climate so that both equatorial and polar regions are habitable. The atmosphere generally retains its state of equilibrium as every north-going air current is counterbalanced by a south-going one. In the same way depressions at lower levels in the troposphere are counterbalanced by areas of high pressure in the upper levels, and vice versa. The atmospheric transference of heat is closely associated with the movement of moisture between sea and continent and between different latitudes. Moist air can transport much greater quantities of energy than dry air.

4. Because the belts of convection cells run east to west, both climate and weather vary according to latitude. Climatic zones are particularly distinguishable at sea where there are no land masses to disturb the pattern.

Man and the winds

5. For thousands of years mankind has been dependent upon the winds: they brought rain to the land and carried ships across the seas. thus the westerly wind belts, the trade winds and the monsoon winds of the global circulation systems have been known to us for many centuries.

6. As recently as the 20th century, Arab ships sailed on the south-west monsoon winds from East Africa to India and back again on the north-east monsoon winds, without need of a compass. The winds alone were sufficient. In the equatorial convergence zone (the 'doldrums'), and in the regions around the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn known as the 'horse latitudes', sailing ships could drift for weeks unable to steer, while the ‘roaring forties' of the South Atlantic (40-50°S) were notorious among mariners for their terrible winds.

7. It was not until the development of the balloon at the end of the 18th century, however, that it became possible to study meteorological conditions at high altitudes. The balloon is still a significant research device although today it carries a radar reflector or a set of instruments and a radio transmitter, rather than the scientists themselves. Nowadays high-flying aircraft and satellites are also important aids to meteorology. Through them we have discovered the west to east jet stream. This blows at speeds of up to 500 km/h at altitudes of 9,000-10,000 m along the border between the Arctic and temperate zone convection belts.

Weather fronts

8. The circulation within the different convection cells is greater than the exchange of air between them and therefore the temperature in two cells that are close to each other can differ greatly. Consequently, the borders between the different convection cells are areas in which warm and cold air masses oppose each other, advancing and withdrawing. In the Northern Hemisphere, the dividing line between the Arctic and temperate convection zones is the polar front, and it is this which determines the weather in northern Europe and North America. This front is unstable, weaving sometimes northward, sometimes southward, of an average latitude of 60°N. Depressions become trapped within the deep concavities of this front and these subsequently move eastward along it with areas of rain and snowfall. In this way global air circulation determines not only the long-term climate but also the immediate weather.

Questions

Questions 1-3

• Label the diagram below. 
• Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer. 
• Write your answers in boxes 1-3 on your answer sheet.

Questions 4-7

• Complete the summary below using the list of words and phrases, A-L, below. 
• Write the appropriate letter, A-L, in boxes 4-7 on your answer sheet.

1. on land
2. polar regions
3. moisture
4. heat
5. balanced
6. at sea
7. offset
8. pole
9. equatorial regions
10. latitude
11. in the air
12. longitude

Global air circulation spreads heat from the equator towards the 4____________ Generally, a state of balance in the atmosphere is maintained because the north-moving air currents are continually being 5________________ by the south ones. Within the system of heat transfer in the atmosphere, the climate is affected not only by 6____________ but also by the amount of moisture in the air. The most accurate geographical zone for the study of climate is 7_______, where there are no local wind systems. 

Questions 8-12

• Write the correct letter, A, B, or C in boxes 8-12 on your answer sheet.
• Classify the following wind patterns according to whether the writer states they are

A. useful
B. problematic
C. neither useful nor problematic

8 ________ ‘roaring forties’
9 _________ south-west monsoon winds
10 ___________ west to east jet stream
11 _____________ ’horse latitudes’
12_____________ north-east monsoon winds

Question 13

• Answer the question below.
• Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage.
• Write your answer in box 13 on your answer sheet.

Which border between convection zones determines the weather in the Northern Hemisphere?
13 ______________

Answers for Air conditioning the earth with explanation

Answers for air conditioning the earth reading answers with explanations are given here. This section will definitely assess you to rectify your mistakes. 

1. Answer: 10,000 kilometers

Explanation:  “The distance from equator to pole is 10,000 km”. With this line it is clear that the distance from the North pole to the equator is 10,000 km. Hence the given answer is located in the first line of paragraph 2. 

2. Answer: 10 kilometers

Explanation: “The distance from equator to pole is 10,000 km, while the 'ceiling height' to the beginning of the stratosphere is only about 10 km”. With this line it is clear that the ceiling height to the start of the stratosphere is about 10 KM. Hence the given answer is located in the first 2 lines of paragraph 2. 

3. Answer: Convection cells

Explanation: “The distance from equator to pole is 10,000 km, while the 'ceiling height' to the beginning of the stratosphere is only about 10 km. The air therefore splits up into a number of smaller loops or convection cells”. With this line it is clear that the splitting up of loops or conventional cells. Hence the given answer is located in the first 3 lines of paragraph 2. 

4. Answer:  Equatorial Regions

Explanation: “The result of this circulation is a flow of heat energy towards the poles and a leveling out of the climate so that both equatorial and polar regions are habitable”. With this line it is clear that Global air circulation spreads heat from the equator towards the equatorial regions. Hence the given answer is located in the 1-3 lines of paragraph 3.  

5. Answer:  Polar Regions

Explanation: “The result of this circulation is a flow of heat energy towards the poles and a leveling out of the climate so that both equatorial and polar regions are habitable”. With this line it is clear that a state of balance in the atmosphere is maintained because the north-moving air currents are continually being polar regions by the south ones. Hence the given answer is located in the 1-3 lines of paragraph 3.

6. Answer:  Latitude

Explanation: “The atmospheric transference of heat is closely associated with the movement of moisture between sea and continent and between different latitudes”. With this line it is clear that within the system of heat transfer in the atmosphere, the climate is affected not only by latitude but also by the amount of moisture in the air. Hence the given answer is located in the last 3 lines of paragraph 3. 

7. Answer: At sea

Explanation: “Climatic zones are particularly distinguishable at sea where there are no land masses to disturb the pattern”. With this line it is clear that the most accurate geographical zone for the study of climate is at sea, where there are no local wind systems. Hence the given answer is located in the last 2 lines of paragraph 4.  

8. Answer:  B

Explanation: “The winds alone were sufficient. In the equatorial convergence zone (the 'doldrums'), and in the regions around the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn known as the 'horse latitudes', sailing ships could drift for weeks unable to steer, while the ‘roaring forties' of the South Atlantic (40-50°S) were notorious among mariners for their terrible winds”. With this line it is clear that ‘roaring forties’ were problematic. Hence the given answer is located in the 3-7 lines of paragraph 6.  

9. Answer:  A

Explanation: “As recently as the 20th century, Arab ships sailed on the south-west monsoon winds from East Africa to India and back again on the north-east monsoon winds, without need of a compass. The winds alone were sufficient”. With this line it is clear that south-west monsoon winds were useful. Hence the given in the first 3 lines of paragraph 6. 

10. Answer:  C

Explanation: “Nowadays high-flying aircraft and satellites are also important aids to meteorology”. With this line it is clear that the west to east jet stream was neither useful nor problematic. Hence the given answer is located in the 5-6 lines of paragraph 7. 

11. Answer:  B

Explanation: “In the equatorial convergence zone (the 'doldrums'), and in the regions around the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn known as the 'horse latitudes', sailing ships could drift for weeks unable to steer”. With this line it is clear that ’horse latitudes’ were problematic. Hence the given answer is located 3-5 lines of paragraph 6. 

12. Answer:  A

Explanation: “As recently as the 20th century, Arab ships sailed on the south-west monsoon winds from East Africa to India and back again on the north-east monsoon winds, without need of a compass”. With this line it is clear that north-east monsoon winds were useful. Hence the given answer is located in the first 3 lines of paragraph 6. 

13. Answer:  Polar front

Explanation: “In the Northern Hemisphere, the dividing line between the Arctic and temperate convection zones is the polar front, and it is this which determines the weather in northern Europe and North America”. With this line it is clear that the polar front border between convection zones determines the weather in the Northern Hemisphere. Hence the given answer is located in the 5-7 lines of paragraph 8. 

Other reading answers

• A New Planet is Discovered Reading Answers
• A spark, a flint: How fire leapt to life Reading Answers