Designing and Shipping Reading Answers

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Solution for designing and shipping

1. B	5. C	9. K	13. FALSE
2. C	6. J	10. L	14. NOT GIVEN
3. E	7. F	11. A
4. G	8. H	12. TRUE

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This article contains three IELTS reading question types, and Designing and Shipping reading answers with explanations. Improve the skills tested on the IELTS reading test by practicing the provided exercise completely and honing the abilities evaluated on the IELTS reading. The question type used in this article are, 

• IELTS Reading matching features
• IELTS Reading note completion
• IELTS Reading true/false/not given

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Significance of “ Designing and Shipping”

Examine some details regarding the Designing and Shipping Reading Practice Test.

• Designing and Shipping reading passage is an important question you can use to practice the reading component of the IELTS exam.
• By answering the three different question types, you are getting yourself equipped with the answering skills and the reading skills. 
• You should learn to manage your time so that you can complete all of the Designing and Shipping reading answers on time.
• It is preferable to skim the passage quickly before delving into the details. After reading the questions you can identify the Designing and Shipping reading answers with location easily. 
• Designing and Shipping reading answers with location will assist you in locating the precise answer you seek. So you can use the answers given here for your reference. 
• By practicing this passage, Designing and Shipping you can build your abilities required for a high IELTS score.
• You can use this passage to test your knowledge and build the skills necessary for IELTS. Thus we have given the designing and shipping reading answers with explanation so that you will know the nuances of answering the questions. 

After examining your designing and shipping reading answers, you can also check the other IELTS reading tips, as it is one of the difficult modules in the IELTS exams.

IELTS Reading Passage -Designing and Shipping

Read the passage below attentively to answer the various types of questions (1 - 13). Write your responses based on the Designing and Shipping IELTS reading passage and instantly check your answers.

Designing and Shipping

1. Almost two months after the European Union’s ban on the use of six ecological unsafe materials went into impact, designers have verified that failure to reach the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) directive means lost sales. Palm Inc. recently announced that it's Treo 650 smartphone is no longer being shipped to Europe since it doesn’t achieve RoHS requirements. And several Apple Computer Inc. products will not be sold in Europe for the same reason.
2. The EU directive, which had taken effect on 1st July, covered lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers. Electronics vendors worldwide are working to deduct those elements from almost all fresh pieces developed for the European market, while also undertaking their construction procedures to a lead (Pb)-free environment.
3. But that is only the birthplace.However, several other countries too, including China, Taiwan, and South Korea, and certain U.S. states are creating their own “green” or RoHS-like legislation, which means RoHS compliance must become an integral part of a designer’s development process, with RoHS checks at each stair: concept, development, prototype, first constructs, and volume production.
4. Many companies will run the gamut from researching component databases of qualified green components to taking due care to prove compliance and developing processes that allow for the higher-temperature requirements of Pb-free manufacturing. And for designers, those are just the tip of the iceberg. A host of technical and reliability issues remain to be sorted out in Pb-free board processing and soldering.
5. What it comes down to is what Ken Stanvick, senior vice president at Design Chain Associates, calls a lack of ‘tribal knowledge’ on designing RoHS compliant systems. ``We had great tribal knowledge when it came to dealing with leaded systems, but we haven’t built up that same amount of knowledge for Pb-free,’ he said. ‘Every problem will be blamed on Pb-free until it’s been worked out. We need to figure out experiments that replicate more of the environment and different stresses that we’re going to see in this new system.’
6. Manny Marcano, president, and CEO of EMA Design Automation Inc. (Rochester, N.Y.), cited the impact of parts obsolescence, including the need to redesign older products and the resultant emphasis on component engineering at the expense of conceptual design. A key challenge is identifying RoHS design specifications as early as possible in the design process, he said.
7. But even before they get to that point, designers should understand whether they are creating a fully compliant product or one that’s subject to some exemptions, said Robert Chinn, director for consultant firm PRTM (Mountain View, Calif.). ‘This causes their design parameters,’ he said. ‘Previously, they looked at components based on size, performance, electrical parameters, features, and functionality. Now they have to add on a new constraint, revolving around environmental compliance: Is it RoHS 6-compliant or is it RoHS 5-compliant?’ (RoHS 6 components eliminate all six of the prohibited substances, while RoHS 5 models, because of exemptions, still contain lead.)
8. If designers do not take RoHS seriously, any country that can prove a product does not comply can levy fines against the vendor. That can cost market share, Marcano said, since non-compliant companies become noncompetitive. And then, not being prepared can mean belatedly diverting resources to RoHS compliance, causing missed market opportunities.
9. But many industry observers believe smaller and medium-size companies will continue to be complacent about the RoHS transition until some major company is cited for non-compliance. ‘When that happens, there will be an earthquake throughout the industry, and it will wake up every design engineer,’ said Steve Schultz, director of strategic planning and communications at Avnet Logistics and program manager for the distributor’s compliance efforts for RoHS in the Americas.
10. ‘The product developer’s RoHS concerns center on the fear of lost revenue – from a product ban, a customer who demands a RoHS-compliant product that the company doesn’t have, or competition’, said Harvey Stone, managing director for consultancy GoodBye Chain Group (Colorado Springs, Colo.). ‘With price, quality, and service being relatively equal, a savvy customer is going to choose a RoHS-compliant product,’ he said.
11. Meanwhile, designers are looking over their shoulders at several other – and potentially stricter – environmental regulations in the pipeline. These include the EU’s Registration, Evaluation, and Authorization of Chemicals legislation, which could restrict the use of thousands of chemicals, and its Energy-using Products (EuP) directive, which will initially target energy-efficiency requirements.

Designing and Shipping reading questions

Questions 1-4:

Look at the following people and the list of statements below. Write the correct letter A-G in boxes 1-4 on your answer sheet.
Match each person with the correct statement.

1. Manny Marcano
2. Harvey Stone
3. Steve Shultz
4. Ken Stanvick

List of Statements:

1. believes that the ED directive requires no action
2. claims that old products need to be redesigned
3. claims that customers will want a RoHS compliant product
4. states that many products will be RoHS exempt
5. is involved in planning and communications
6. predicts that design engineers will like RoHS
7. claims that more knowledge about Pb-free systems is needed

Also check the IELTS reading matching features.

Questions 5-11

Complete the summary using the list of words A-P below.
Write the correct letter A-P in boxes 5 -11 on your answer sheet.

Requirement	Big	Variety	Idea
Friendly	Basic	Decline	Small
Hostile	Insignificant	Solved	Recognized
Increase	Numerous	Important	Needs

The EU has banned the use of six materials that are 5.__ to the environment. This means that if designers do not meet the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) directive, sales will be 6.__. Similar legislation is being put together around the world, which indicates that RoHS compliance needs to become a 7.__ part of a designer’s development process. RoHS checks, at every step from concept to mass production, are also a necessity. But 8.__ technical and reliability problems remain to 9.__. Previously, the performance, etc. of components were 10.___ but now a new 11.___ needs to be taken into account: environmental compliance.

Also, check the IELTS reading note completion.

Questions 12 -14

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? Write:

TRUE               if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE             if the statement contradicts the information

NOT GIVEN     if there is no information on this in passage

12. Countries can impose fines on the sellers of products that do not comply with RoHS.
13. Smaller companies are taking the changeover to RoHS seriously.
14. The energy-using directive will be introduced in the very near future. 

Also, check the IELTS reading true/false/not given.

Designing and Shipping IELTS Reading Answers with explanations.

The Designing and Shipping IELTS reading answers are provided below. Check carefully to obtain precise feedback.
 
(Note: The paragraph in standard font provides a detailed explanation of the answer.)

 Answer 1. B

Explanation: Paragraph 6 states that “Many Marcano, president, and CEO of EMA Design Automation Inc. (Rochester, N.Y.), cited the impact of parts obsolescence, including the need to redesign older products and the resultant emphasis on component engineering.” From the line, ‘need to redesign older products, ’ we can infer that Manny Marcano claims that old products need to be redesigned. Hence, the correct answer is “B.”  

Answer 2. C 

Explanation: The last line of paragraph 10 puts forward the idea that “Harvey Stone, managing director for consultancy GoodBye Chain Group said with price, quality and service being relatively equal, a savvy customer is going to choose a RoHS-compliant product.” From the line, ‘customer is going to choose a RoHS-compliant product,’ we can deduce that Harvey Stone claims that customers will want a RoHS-compliant product. Hence, the correct answer is “C.” 

Answer 3. E

Explanation: Paragraph 9 discusses that Steve Schultz said, “Steve Schultz, director of strategic planning and communications at Avent Logistics and program manager for the distributor’s compliance efforts for RoH in the Americas.” Since Steve Schultz is the director of strategic planning and communication at Avent logistics, it explains that he is involved in planning and communication. Hence, the correct answer is “E.”

Answer 4. G 

Explanation: In paragraph 5, there’s a line that Ken Stanvick said, “we had great tribal knowledge when it came to dealing with leaded systems, but we haven’t built up the same amount of knowledge for Pb-free.” So Ken Stanvick, through his statement, claims that we don’t have much knowledge about the Pb-free system. Therefore, more knowledge is needed. Hence, the correct answer is “G.” 

Answer 5. C

Explanation: Paragraph 1 suggests that “European Union’s ban on the use of six environmentally unfriendly materials.” The term ‘unfriendly’ refers to ‘hostile.’ It has banned six materials that are hostile to the environment. Hence, the correct answer is “G.”

Answer 6. J

Explanation: Paragraph 1 talks about “designers have clear evidence that failure to meet the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) directive means lost sales.” Here lost sales indicate that there will be a decline in sales. Hence, the correct answer is “J.” 

Answer 7. F 

Explanation: In paragraph 3, we can find that “RoHS compliance must become an integral part of a designer’s development process, with RoHS checks at each step.” The term integral part refers to the basic part of the designer’s development process. Hence, the correct answer is “F.”

Answer 8. H 

Explanation: According to paragraph 4, “a host of technical and reliability issues remain to be sorted out in Pb-free board processing and soldering.” Here the host of technical and reliability can be multiple or numerous. Hence, the correct answer is “H.”

Answer 9. K

Explanation: Paragraph 4 also states that “a host of technical and reliability issues remain to be sorted out in Pb-free board processing and soldering.” The term ‘remains to be sorted out.’ means that ‘remains to be solved.’ Hence, the correct answer is “K.” 

Answer 10. L

Explanation: Paragraph 7 mentions that “previously, they looked at components based on size, performance, electrical parameters, features, and functionality.” Since they looked at these components, it signifies that these components were important. Hence, the correct answer is “L.”

Answer 11. A

Explanation: In paragraph 7 the author mentions that “now they have to add a new constraint, revolving around environmental compliance.” The term ‘have to add a new constraint’ can also be referred to as a new requirement that needs to be taken into account. Hence, the correct answer is “A.” 

Answer 12. TRUE

Explanation: There’s a line in paragraph 8 that claims that “if designers do not take RoHS seriously, any country that can prove a product does not comply can levy fines against the vendor.” The term ‘levy’ means ‘impose.’ Hence, this line confirms that countries can impose fines against the vendors who aren’t RoHS compliant. As the statement agrees with the information, the correct answer is “TRUE.”

Answer 13. FALSE

Explanation: According to paragraph 9, “But many industry observers believe smaller and medium-size companies will continue to be complacent about the RoHS transition until some major company is cited for non-compliance.” Since the companies continue to be complacent with RoHS, it means that they take RoHS for granted. As the statement contradicts the information, the correct answer is “FALSE.”

Answer 14. NOT GIVEN

Explanation: Paragraph 9 states that “Evaluation and Authorization of Chemicals legislation, which could restrict the use of thousands of chemicals, and its energy.” However, the energy-using directive introduction in the very near future is not mentioned in the passages. Hence, the correct answer is “NOT GIVEN.”

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Conclusion

You now understand how to respond to the three of IELTS reading question types. Follow the test guidelines and directions to quickly answer the questions. You can examine the "Designing and Shipping Reading Answers" and verify that you have the correct responses.